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Protein Conservation 1
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Introduction
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<b><font size="5" face="verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif">Sequence
Similarity Searching</font></b>
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Using computers, scientists can search through millions of protein
and gene sequences to look for one that is similar to a newly
discovered sequence. The process of <i>sequence similarity searching</i>
has become one of the most frequently used tools of biotechnology
because of its power to shed light on proteins and genes whose
functions have not yet been revealed.<br><br>Proteins are made of
long chains of amino acid building blocks. They fold up into
specific shapes and have particular functions based on the order or
sequence of amino acids in the chain. When two protein sequences are
very similar, there is a high probability that they fold into a
similar final shape, and therefore perform a similar function.<br><br>The
process of looking for similarity in sequences is greatly aided by
computers, but the understanding of what similarity means and how it
is evaluated is important. The ability to correctly interpret the
results of this powerful and informative technique relies on a
researcher's ability to understand the structural basis for sequence
comparisons.</font>
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