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Exploring Atomic Orbitals across the Periodic Table
Tasks 6-7 Exploring Atomic Orbitals The Fourth Period
Reopen the periodic table (click here), if you closed it.
The fourth period of the table adds another energy level. This period looks different from the three precious (??) rows; it contains many more elements. Don't worry about the names of these substances. Many of them are uncommon, or rare. You will explore and use your knowledge of the electron orbitals and the number of electons each can contain to give reasons why the periodic table has a big space in the third row.
Period four has three different shapes of orbitals, (s , p , and d). You don't have to memorize all the shapes and numbers of electrons. That is what the resource of the periodic table is for. It holds the information you need. You need to become familiar with the general patterns, both in rows and columns in the periodic table. Using this knowledge you will be able to predict similarities among elements
Task 6. Exploring the Fourth Period
Explore the fourth row of the periodic table.
Start at K (Potassium) then go on to Kr (Krypton).
The fourth period has a long stretch of 10 atoms that are quite similar in their outer electron orbitals.
These are called transition metals.
of interesting orbitals for your report on the activity.
Be sure to record in the space below the picture which orbital and which energy level you are viewing.
Task 7. Similarities in Columns
Observe some atoms in columns in the periodic table. Start at the first column on the left.
Observe some other columns in the periodic table. Try some on the right side.
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What electron orbital is filling up as one more proton and one more electron is contained in each atom?<BR>
What can you say about the size of the atoms of the transition metals?
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How are the outer (higher energy) orbitals of Lithium, Sodium, and Potassium similar?
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What can you say about the size of atoms as you go down a column?
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What can you say about the outer orbitals of any other columns you have observed as you view atoms in the same column?<BR>
What can you say about the size of the atoms in the columns on the right side of the table?
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