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Mission Immunity: Introduction
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*Billboard analogy from How the Immune System Works, by Lauren Sompayrac.
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<font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="5" color="#FFFFFF"><strong>Introduction</strong></font>
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<td><img src="atomMainIdea.png" width="98" height="58"></td>
<td><font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4">Our cells must keep the immune system up to date on what ails them. For a cell, its a matter of life and death.</font></td>
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<strong><font size="5" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" color="#5d6b86">In
Sickness And In Health...</font></strong>
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<font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4">Viruses make
us sick by invading our cells and taking them over. When a virus invades a
cell in your body, it gains control, forcing the cell to make more viruses
to invade lots more cells. That’s the way the virus spreads and makes you
feel sick.<br><br>One way to tell if a cell has been taken over by a virus
would be to break it open and look at the proteins inside it. If there are
virus proteins in there, the cell has been taken over. Of course, this
would kill all your cells, so that is not a good way to go about it.<br><br>Your
immune system has a better way of recognizing infected cells. Each of your
cells has a variety of proteins sticking out of its surface. <b>“<a href="script: page:0:message mhc.html">MHC</a>”</b>
surface proteins display fragments of the various proteins being made
inside of the cell. Protein fragments are called <b>peptides</b>.<br><br>If
MHCs display peptides from viruses that are actively making their own
proteins inside of the cell, then the immune system will kill that cell.
Uninfected cells have MHC proteins displaying only “self” peptides,
fragments of proteins normally made by that cell.<br><br>In this activity
you will act like the body’s immune system, finding MHC proteins on the
surface of a cell and checking to see if the attached peptides are “self”
or from a foreign invader like a virus ("non-self"). <b>To make
sure that you understand your mission before training begins, answer the
following questions.</b> </font>
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<b><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Our immune
system can read MHC proteins on a cell surface as easily as if they were
billboard signs*. </font></b><br>
<center>
<font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><img src="cellBillboards.jpg">
</font> </center>
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<strong><font size="4" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Viruses</font></strong>
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invade cells by attaching MHC proteins to them
are small chunks of protein
force cells to make virus proteins
are destroyed by MHC proteins
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<strong><font size="4" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">MHC proteins</font></strong>
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help the immune system identify what is inside cells
carry peptides (protein fragments) from inside the cell
can be found on the outside surfaces of cells
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<strong><font size="4" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">3. Check all of
the true statements:</font></strong>
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Peptides from inside a cell can be an indicator of the cell’s health or sickness.
The immune system can see some of what is inside a cell by looking at MHCs on the cell surface.
Cells that are making virus proteins are usually healthy cells.
Small pieces of protein are called peptides.
Virus peptides are considered "self" peptides.
The immune system can recognize peptides from viruses as "non-self" peptides.
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