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Van Der Waals Attractions: Hydrogen Bonds in DNA
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<font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="5" color="#FFFFFF"><strong>Van Der Waals Attractions:</strong> Hydrogen Bonds in DNA</font>
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<td><img src="chargeMainIdea.png" width="98" height="58"></td>
<td><font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4">The DNA found in your cells is made from two long molecules twisting around each other to form a double-helix. In order to read the DNA code, the two strands must separate and then come back together. This unzipping of DNA strands is easily done because they are attracted with hydrogen bonds.</font></td>
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<font size="4" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">A single
DNA strand is a molecule that is made by linking together four other
molecules called bases. One strand of DNA can have many thousands of
bases linked together. The four bases are given single letter
abbreviations and colored in the following way for the model below:</font>
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<font size="4" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">A
= </font><font color="#486AFF" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4">Adenine</font><font size="4" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><br>T
= </font><font color="#b7b726" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4">Thymine</font><font size="4" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><br>G
= </font><font color="#00CC33" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4">Guanine</font><font size="4" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><br>C
= </font><font color="#FC0203" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4">Cytosine</font>
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<strong><b><font size="4" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Color
Key</font></b></strong>
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<td>
<b>Bases</b><br><img src="darkblue.gif"> A<br><img src="yellow.gif"> T<br><img src="green.gif"> G<br><img src="red.gif"> C<br><img src="brown.gif"> backbone<br><br>
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<b>Elements</b><br><img src="gray.gif"> Carbon<br><img src="white.gif"> Hydrogen<br><img src="darkblue.gif"> Nitrogen<br><img src="red.gif"> Oxygen<br><img src="orange.gif"> Phosphorus<br><br>
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<b><font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Instructions</font></b><font size="3">
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<font size="3" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Explore the
DNA fragment using the controls below and then answer the question.<br><br><b>To
rotate:</b> click and drag<br><b>To zoom:</b> hold down shift and drag </font>
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<b>H-bonds </b>
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<strong><font size="4" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Which pair of
bases is held together more strongly: C and G, or A and T? How do you know?</font></strong>
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Hint
Look for the hydrogen bonds represented by white
dashed lines, and try to focus on only one A-T pair or
one G-C pair at a time by using the controls beneath the
model or using shift-drag to zoom in.
Hint
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