UTF-8Heat and Temperature: Average Kinetic Energy and Temperature2412402461org.concord.modeler.text.LineIcon750.03010105<html>
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<font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="5" color="#FFFFFF"><strong>Heat and Temperature:</strong> Average Kinetic Energy and Temperature</font>
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<td><font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4">On the previous page, you saw that temperature is related to kinetic energy of atoms but not to their speed. But what exactly is temperature at the atomic scale?</font></td>
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<p>
The model below shows a bunch of atoms that are isolated from the rest
of the world. On the right, bar graphs show the <b>average</b> kinetic
energy per atom. This average is the total kinetic energy (KE) divided
by the number of atoms. The bar graphs show this average for all the
atoms and just those in the box.
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Experiment with the model to see how the average KE is affected by
adding or subtracting heat, its size, or its location.
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This model starts with only slow atoms in the box.
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Over a long time, do the atoms in the box continue to have less average
KE?
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How does the size of the box change the average KE? (Click on the box
and drag a corner.)
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-110034Raised Bevelorg.concord.mw2d.activity.AtomContainerpage3$0.mmlfalsefalseorg.concord.modeler.PageBarGraphKinetic Energy/ParticleAverage KE for All Atoms (eV)2true190250true510true-1000000.00.100000001490116120.026789609342813492org.concord.modeler.PageBarGraphChannel 0Average KE of Atoms in the Box (eV)2true190250true510true-10000.00.100000001490116120.024755762889981271org.concord.modeler.PageButtonRandomly move the boxorg.concord.mw2d.models.MolecularModel0trueExecute MW scriptorg.concord.modeler.PageButtonRunorg.concord.mw2d.models.MolecularModel0truetrueExecute MW scriptorg.concord.modeler.PageButtonStoporg.concord.mw2d.models.MolecularModel0trueExecute MW scriptorg.concord.modeler.PageButtonResetorg.concord.mw2d.models.MolecularModel0trueExecute MW scriptorg.concord.modeler.PageButtonHeatorg.concord.mw2d.models.MolecularModel0Heat the system up0.01org.concord.modeler.PageButtonCoolorg.concord.mw2d.models.MolecularModel0Cool the system down-0.01org.concord.modeler.PageCheckBoxK. E. Shadingtrueorg.concord.mw2d.models.MolecularModel0K. E. Shading111org.concord.modeler.PageTextBox750.080.0<html>
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This experiment shows that the average KE is like temperature in two
important respects. Can you identify these two ways in which the two are
similar?
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<font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4"><strong>Describe the
kinetic energy of atoms at any temperature (<a href="script:page:0:message <t><font face=verdana>Select the K. E. Shading check box to see the kinetic energy distribution among atoms.</font></t>;">hint</a>):</strong></font>
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<html>All atoms have the same kinetic energy.</html><html>All atoms have different kinetic energy.</html><html>Some atoms have high kinetic energy and some have low kinetic energy.</html><html>The kinetic energy is changing all the time.</html><html>Both C and D are true.</html>4-373738Lineorg.concord.modeler.PageMultipleChoicetrue4375220<html>
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<font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4"><strong>What is true of
the kinetic energy of each individual atom when a substance has reached a
certain temperature?</strong></font>
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<html>The kinetic energy of each atom is the same as every other atom.</html><html>The average kinetic energy of each atom is the same of every other atom.</html><html>Some atoms have a higher average kinetic energy.</html><html>Some atoms have a lower average kinetic energy.</html>0-373738Line11org.concord.modeler.PageMultipleChoicetrue3372180<html>
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<font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4"><strong>Describe how
changing the number of atoms affects the temperature.</strong></font>
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trueIt increases it.It decreases it.It stays the same.1-373738Lineorg.concord.modeler.PageTextArea372180<html>
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<font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4"><strong>By adding or
removing atoms you just have more or less of a substance. Describe
something you observed in your everyday life that shows how temperature
can stay the same if you have more or less of something.</strong></font>
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