UTF-8Heat and Temperature: Introduction241240246
Note that the temperature difference in the four seasons above is only qualitative.
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<font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="5" color="#FFFFFF"><strong>Heat and Temperature:</strong> Introduction</font>
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<td><font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4">Heat and temperature are part of our daily life. The weather forecast gives you an idea of how cold or hot it can be if you go outdoors by predicting the highest possible temperature and the lowest possible temperature of a day. In winter, if you turn up your heat, the temperature in your house goes up. So what exactly are heat and temperature? In this activity, we will learn about these concepts.</font></td>
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<strong><font color="#5d6b86" size="5" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Temperature
and atoms</font></strong>
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What heat and temperature really are confused scientists for hundreds of
years. They were handicapped because they needed to understand atoms and
their motion first. But it was not their fault because the theory of atom
was not firmly established until the end of 19th century.
<p>
You may be surprised to know that temperature of a substance is related
to the random motion of atoms that make up the substance. Because atoms
are so small, you cannot see their motion, but we can simulate it with a
model that magnifies them billions of times. In the following, we show a
simplified model of the motion of air molecules in four seasons. <b>Click
an image</b> to see how air molecules move in that season. A thermometer
on the right measures the corresponding temperature.
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As you can see, temperature is related to the random motion of atoms. When
all random motion stops, the temperature is as low as possible. This is
called absolute zero. The Kelvin scale (K) of temperature starts at
absolute zero and has the same step size as the centigrade scale. That
puts the freezing point of water at 273 K and room temperature about 293 K.
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<strong><font size="4" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Describe how
temperature is related to the motion of the atoms.</font></strong>
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