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Gas Laws: Gas Pressure
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<font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="5" color="#FFFFFF"><strong>Gas Laws:</strong> Gas Pressure. </font>
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<td><img src="motionMainIdea.png" width="98" height="58"></td>
<td><font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4"><b>How do gases exert pressure? </b> To really understand the Gas Laws you need to begin by learning about pressure in the atomic world. </font><br><br>
<font size="4" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Pressure
is the force that acts on a certain area. The gas in a balloon
exerts pressure on the inside surface of the balloon. Gas molecules
inside a balloon are constantly moving around colliding with each
other and with the inside surface of the balloon. The force of a
single atom colliding with the surface of a balloon is too small to
be sensed. But taken all together, in a small balloon there would be
many thousands of billions of collisions each second. All together
they can exert a considerable force on the surface. </font>
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<img src="pressure.gif" width="145" height="211">
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<font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" color="#a65d2c" size="4"><strong>An
Atomic Model of Gas Pressure inside a Balloon</strong></font>
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<img width="18" src="rule.png" height="6">
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<font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4">The following
model shows molecules inside and outside a very tiny section of a balloon.
The rectangle in the middle represents the balloon's cross section. The
molecules from the left and the right bombard to the inner and outer
surface of the balloon. Each hit from the left moves it a little bit to
the right. Each hit from the right moves it a little bit to the left. </font>
<p>
<font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4">Press the
"Run" button to start the model. Use the "Add..." and "Remove..."
buttons below to change the number of atoms in the balloon. Press the
"Snapshot" button to take some snapshots.</font>
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<strong>Important:</strong> After you add or remove atoms, run the model
for a minute so that it can respond to your changes.
<p>
After that, the rectangle will still jiggle. This is normal because we
have very few atoms and they are running all the time. Anytime the
collisions from the left side and the right side do not balance, the
balloon skin (represented by the rectangle) will move. The more atoms we
have, the less the jiggling there will be. When there are trillions of
atoms, we will not see this effect at all.
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Remove an atom from the balloon
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Snapshot
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<font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4"><strong>When there are
fewer atoms than 20 inside the ballon, run the model for a minute and fill
in a snapshot image below:</strong></font>
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<font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4"><strong>When there are
more atoms than 60 inside the balloon, run the model for a minute and fill
in a snapshot image below:</strong></font>
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<font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4"><strong>How does adding
and removing atoms affect the position of the balloon's membrane (the
rectangle)?</strong></font>
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<font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4"><strong>Can you think
of other ways of increasing the number of collisions on the balloon
without adding more atoms to it?</strong></font>
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