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Protein Folding: Page 8
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<p class="pagetitle"><strong>Protein Folding:</strong> Secondary Structure</p>
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<td><img src="chargeMainIdea.png" width="98" height="58"></td>
<td><p class="mainidea">Proteins weave beautiful patterns as they fold. Two shapes made by the folds are very common. They occur due to the repeating nature of the amino acid backbone.</p></td>
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The Alpha Helix and the Beta Sheet
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Two repeating elements, shown in 3D at right, occur over and over again
in most proteins. They are called the <b>alpha helix</b> (alpha because
it was discovered first) and <b>beta sheet</b> (beta since it was
discovered second).
</p>
<p>
The alpha helix is formed where the protein folds in a spiral pattern,
and beta sheets are formed when extended parts of the protein line up
next to each other. Both structures are stabilized by <b>hydrogen bonds</b> (see below).
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<img src="hbond2.gif">
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<p class="firstp">
Alpha helices and beta sheets occur over and over again in proteins
because the folding of the protein backbone leads to<b> hydrogen bonds</b>
that stabilize these particular structures.
</p>
<p>
Hydrogen bonds form when two electronegative atoms share a single
hydrogen atom between them. The backbone part of every amino acid
contains two electronegative atoms, one of which is bonded to a hydrogen
atom. Since these atoms repeat with every amino acid along the protein,
there are certains ways a protein can fold that brings the atoms into
the right positions to form hydrogen bonds.
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<p class="firstp">
Two repeating elements occur over and over again in many proteins,
(although some proteins contain only one and not the other). They are
called the <b>alpha helix</b> (alpha because it was discovered first)
and <b>beta sheet</b> (it was discovered second).
</p>
<p>
The reason these structures occur all over the place in proteins is that
the folding of the backbone leads to<b> hydrogen bonds</b> that
stabilize these particular folds.
</p>
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<p class="firstp">
Certain folding patterns occur over and over again in proteins. This is
due to the fact that the the folding of the protein backbone leads to<b>
hydrogen bonds</b> that stabilize these particular folds.
</p>
<p>
Hydrogen bonds form when two electronegative atoms share a single
hydrogen atom between them. Every single amino acid in a protein has a
backbone part that contains two electronegative atoms, one of which is
bonded to a hydrogen atom. Since this pattern repeats with every amino
acid, there are certains ways a protein can fold that brings the atoms
into the right positions to form hydrogen bonds.
</p>
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<p class="subhead">
Hunt and Shoot
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