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Protein Folding: Page 11
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<p class="pagetitle"><strong>Protein Folding:</strong> Protein Function</p>
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<td><p class="mainidea">What does folding have to do with how proteins do their jobs?</p></td>
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Folding Creates Important Sites on Proteins
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In order to perform their functions, proteins interact with one or more
other molecules. The folds of a protein create the site(s) for these
interactions by bringing together amino acids from distant parts of the
protein. A site's particular shape and its hydrophilic and hydrophobic
regions are compatible with its 'target' molecule, and exclude most other molecules.
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<p class="firstp">Alcohol dehydrogenase is an enzyme that breaks down alcohol, which is toxic if allowed to build up in large amounts. A small molecule called NAD is required by alcohol dehydrogenase to break down the alcohol molecule. <b>NAD binds to the enzyme in a pocket that is created by folds in the protein. </b></p>
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Original view</b></td>
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Folds that create binding site<br>
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<td colspan="2"><b>NAD is held by the binding site using some of the same kinds of forces that hold the protein folds in place.</b><span class="firstp"> The pocket fits NAD nearly perfectly, and other molecules do not have the correct shape or charge properties to fit.</span><b><br>
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<td><b>Hydrogen bonds</b></td>
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<td><b>Hydrophobic interactions</b></td>
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