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Protein Folding: Page 12
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<p class="pagetitle"><strong>Protein Folding:</strong> Quaternary Structure</p>
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<td><img src="chargeMainIdea.png" width="98" height="58"></td>
<td><p class="mainidea">Proteins can made of two or more separate strings of amino acids.</p></td>
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<img src="chargeBullet.png" width="33" height="23">
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<p class="subhead">
Multi-Subunit Proteins
</p>
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<p class="firstp">
Some proteins have a fourth, or <b>quaternary</b>, level of structure.
Quaternary structure occurs when proteins come together to form a
complex that functions as a unit. For example, alcohol dehydrogenase (featured on the previous page) only functions when two copies
of the same protein chain work together.
</p>
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<p align="center" class="firstp">
<b>Examples of Quaternary Structure</b></p> </td>
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<tr>
<td colspan="2"><br><b>Play a movie: </b></td>
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<td style="width: 15%" align="right"> </td>
<td width="753"> </td>
</tr>
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<td align="right" valign="top"><input value="Play" name="button2" type="submit" script="script:jmol:1:script jmol-adh2-movie.spt" id="button2"></td>
<td>Two identical subunits make up one working protein (a<b> homodimer</b>)<br>
<br></td>
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<td align="right" valign="top"><input value="Play" name="button1" type="submit" script="script:jmol:1:script jmol-p2-buildAnything.spt" id="button1"></td>
<td>Three different subunits make one working protein (a<b> heterotrimer</b>)</td>
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<p class="firstp"><br>
</p>
<p> </p>
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<!-- <input id="button1" value="Play Movie" name="button1" script="script:jmol:1:select image all; remove; script jmol-p2-colorInSeq.spt; script jmol-p2-movie2.spt;" type="submit">
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<p class="firstp">
<b>Use your mouse and the controls below</b> to explore.<br>
</p>
<div align="center">
<p>
<b>Molecule Style and Color: </b><br><!--
-- Try all the views in these menus --<br>
-->
<select script4="script:jmol:1:set echo off; select image all; remove; add image displayBoxBeads.gif (60,5);script jmol-p2-aminoAcidsBeads.spt" script3="script:jmol:1:set echo off; select image all; remove; add image displayBoxBallAndStick.gif (60,5);script jmol-p2-allAtomsBallStick.spt" script2="script:jmol:1:set echo off; select image all; remove; add image displayBoxSpacefill.gif (60,5);script jmol-p2-allAtomsSpacefill.spt" script1="script:jmol:1:select none;" script5="script:jmol:1:set echo off; select image all; remove; add image displayBoxBackbone.gif (60,5);script jmol-p2-foldsProtein.spt">
<option selected>Select a style
<option>all atoms spacefill
<option>all atoms ball & stick
<option>amino acid beads
<option>protein folds
</select>
<input value="Build it!" script="script:jmol:1:script jmol-p2-buildAnything.spt" name="button1" type="submit" id="button1">
<select script4="script:jmol:1:set echo off; isosurface off; select image all; remove; add image colorsBoxRainbow.gif (60,5);select all; color monomer;" script3="script:jmol:1:set echo off; isosurface off; select image all; remove; add image colorsBoxAminoSimple.gif (60,5);select all; color shapely;" script2="script:jmol:1:set echo off; isosurface off; select image all; remove; add image colorsBoxMonocolor.gif (60,5);select all; color [x9ab9a4];" script1="script:jmol:1:select none;" script6="script:jmol:1:set echo off; isosurface off; select image all; remove; add image colorsBoxPolaritySimple.gif (60,5); select protein and hydrophobic; color [xfeaeae]; select not hydrophobic; color [x00ffff];" script5="script:jmol:1:set echo off; isosurface off; select image all; remove; add image colorsBoxElementProtein.gif (60,5); select all; color cpk">
<option selected>Select color(s)
<option>monocolor
<option>by amino acid
<option>end-to-end rainbow
<option>element
<option>polarity
</select>
</p>
<table>
<tr>
<td align="right">
<input script_selected="script:jmol:1:set echo off; select image all; remove; isosurface parvsurface sasurface; color isosurface [x9ab9a4]; isosurface on" script_deselected="script:jmol:1:set echo off; select image all; remove; isosurface off" name="checkbox" type="checkbox" id="checkbox">
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Show protein surface
</td>
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<p>
 
</p>
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<p class="firstp">
In order to perform their functions, proteins interact with one or more
other molecules. The folds of a protein create the site(s) for these
interactions by bringing together amino acids from distant parts of the
protein.
</p>
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<body class="question">
<p class="question">
On the right is a different small molecule than NAD. Why wouldn't this
molecule bind to alcohol dehydrogenase in place of NAD? (Choose the BEST
answer below).
</p>
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true
it is not the same as NAD
it is smaller than NAD
it is too large to fit in the NAD site
it's the wrong shape, and will not form attractions with the site
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<p class="subhead">
Can Proteins Take the Heat?
</p>
</td>
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<p class="firstp">
Life on earth is temperature-dependent. Animals cannot function well as
the temperature rises substantially above normal body temperature (in humans,
98.7°F). An important part of the reason for this has to do with protein
structure.
</p>
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Based on what you saw in the model, what do you suppose would happen to
protein binding sites (like the one for NAD) at high temperatures?
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What would you expect to happen to the function of proteins at very high
temperatures?
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the functions would not be affected
the proteins would not be able to function anymore
the functions would improve
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