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Protein Folding: Form and Function
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<p class="pagetitle"><strong>Protein Folding:</strong> Form and Function</p>
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<td><img src="chargeMainIdea.png" width="98" height="58"></td>
<td><p class="mainidea">A protein folds into a shape that enables it to perform a specific task.</p></td>
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<p>
Proteins are strings of amino acids, small molecules joined together by
strong covalent bonds. Amino acids have unique characteristics of shape,
charge, and relationship to water that determine how they interact. For
example, polar amino acids attract each other and water (which is polar)
more strongly than nonpolar amino acids. These characteristics determine
the shape of a protein - the way the protein folds around itself in a
three-dimensional structure.
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<p>
Proteins fold into complex shapes so they can perform a wide variety of
critical tasks in the cell. For example, they work both as movable
"tracks" and the "trucks" that run on them. Specific proteins have
unique shapes so they can:
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<ul>
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swivel to sense a signal
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<li>
work as quality control engineers as they roam up and down DNA strands
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<li>
act as match-making enzymes, and much more.
</li>
</ul>
<p class="mainidea">
A few proteins actually have shapes that suggest what their function is.
Try your hand at matching the proteins shown below with their functions:
</p>
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A protein that can puncture a cell wall:
</p>
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true
protein 1
protein 2
protein 3
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A protein that forms a cable:
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protein 1
protein 2
protein 3
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A protein that becomes a pore in a membrane:
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true
protein 1
protein 2
protein 3
2
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