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Gas Laws: What is Pressure?
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<font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="5" color="#FFFFFF"><strong>Gas Laws:</strong> What is Pressure?</font>
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<td valign=middle><img src="motionMainIdea.png" width="98" height="58"></td>
<td>Gases consist of molecules that are in continuous, random motion. <b> How do gases exert pressure?</b>
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Pressure is the force caused by collisions of molecules on a certain
area. For example, gas molecules inside a balloon collide with the
atoms that make jup the inside surface fo the balloon. At the same
time, gas molecules outside the balloon constantly collide with teh
outside surface of the balloon. The force of a single atom colliding
with the surface is too small to be sensed. However, when many
trillions of collisions occur each second on each square inch they
can exert a considerable force on the surface of the balloon.
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<img width="157" src="blowballoon.png" height="200">
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<strong><font color="#a65d2c" size="4" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">A
Molecular Model of Gas Pressure inside a Balloon</font></strong>
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<img width="18" height="6" src="rule.png">
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<font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4">The following
model shows molecules inside and outside a very tiny section of a balloon.
The rectangle in the middle represents the balloon's cross-section. The
arrows on the molecules represent their velocities.</font>
<ul>
<li>
<font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4">Press the
"Run" button. </font>
</li>
<li>
<font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4">Use the
"Add..." and "Remove..." buttons to change the number of atoms in the
balloon.</font>
</li>
</ul>
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<strong>Important:</strong> After you add or remove atoms, run the model
for a minute so that it can have enough time to respond to your changes.
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</p>
<hr>
✞ <a href="script:page:0:message <t><table width=300><tr><td><font face=verdana>The rectangle will continue to jiggle. This is because there are very few atoms and they are running all the time. Anytime the collisions from the left side and the right side do not balance, the balloon skin (represented by the rectangle) will move. The more atoms we have, the less the jiggling there will be. When there are trillions of atoms, we will not see this effect at all.</font></td></tr></table></t>">Model
Accuracy.</a>
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<font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4"><strong>Remove atoms
inside the balloon until there are fewer than 20 atoms. Run the model for
a minute, take a snapshot, and drag the image into the box below.</strong></font>
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<font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4"><strong>Add atoms
inside the balloon until there are more than 60 atoms. Run the model for a
minute, take a snapshot, and drag the image into the box below.</strong></font>
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<font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4"><strong>How does adding
and removing atoms affect the position of the balloon's skin (the
rectangle)?</strong></font>
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<font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4"><strong>Can you think
of other ways of increasing the number of collisions on the balloon
without adding more atoms to it?</strong></font>
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<img src="page.jpg" height="26" width="54">
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