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Van Der Waals Attractions: Hydrogen "Bonds" - A Special Type of Attraction
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<td><font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4">A "hydrogen bond" is a particularly strong dipole-dipole attraction that results between molecules when hydrogen bonds with a small, electronegative element. It is not nearly as strong as a covalent bond or ion-ion forces. The term "bond" is misleading; a "hydrogen bond" is really just another polar attraction between molecules, albeit a stronger one. The hydrogen bond is the strongest van der Waals force.</font></td>
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<font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4">Water,
one of the most important molecules for life's existence, is a polar
molecule. So, water molecules attract to each other using the
dipole-dipole van der Waals attraction. Whenever the partially
positive hydrogen from one molecule is attracted to the partially
negative part of another molecule, we use the term "hydrogen bond"
to designate this somewhat stronger type of dipole-dipole
attraction. </font>
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<font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4">To the
right is a model of gaseous water (<em>i.e.</em> water vapor). To
see the effect the hydrogen bonds have on water, run the model ( <img height="12" width="7" src="play.gif">
) and experiment with the controls below. Then <strong>take a
snapshot of the model and annotate your image so that you indicate
where you see at least one hydrogen bond</strong> in the model. </font>
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<input value="checkbox" name="checkbox" script_selected="script:mw:1:show vdwline on" script_deselected="script:mw:1:show vdwline off" type="checkbox" checked="checked">
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show hydrogen bonds
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show partial charges
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slow motion
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<font size="4" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>While not
possible, imagine that water molecules had no attraction for each other at
all. Would you most likely find water as a solid, liquid, or gas? Explain
your reasoning.</strong></font>
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