UTF-8Electrical Potential Energy (EPE) - Interaction Energy of charged particles
Please Enter Your name: Brian Tasma and store the file as "Your Last Name EPE Exercise 1"
Here are two charged particles ("ions") that have the SAME mass and EQUAL but OPPOSITE electrical charges. They exert electromagnetic force on each other.
Review Coulomb's Law on how the force is calculated. As a result of the force there is Electrical Potential Energy (EPE), depending how far apart the ions are.
We want to understand better how energy can be stored as "Electric Potential Energy." In particular we want to understand when ions have more or less PE
Please write your answers to these questions in red color in the space provided:
1a. Before running the simulation -- predict whether the EPE is greater when the ions are far apart or close together?
{Farther apart because this gives the two ions more space to transfer potential energy into kinetic energy.
}
1b. Before running the simulation -- predict whether the Kinetic energy (KE) of the particles is greater when the ions are far apart or close together? Initially the particles are not moving.
{Close together since their potential energy will be around 0 so that energy has to be converted to kinetic energy due to the conservation of energy.
}
1c. Before running the simulation -- predict what will happen in this simulation assuming the particles have no way to transfer energy anywhere else by Radiation, Heat or Work.
Be very specific as to the final locations, forces, accelerations and velocities. Remember that the Total Energy = Potential Energy + Kinetic Energy is Constant! Note that there is no source of friction (dissipation) because there are NO other molecules or ions and the collisions are elastic.
{After the elastic collision, the ions will return back to their original postions decreasing its kinetic energy but increasing its potential energy and the whole process wil repeat itself.
}
2. Now run the simulation for at least 20 collisions (at least 100,000 fs = 100 ps) and watch the graphs. Describe what you see that is different from what you predicted. What did you learn?
{One thing that I did not expect to happen was when I was observing the kinetic and potential energy at the point of collision, they were always different than the previous collision. In some collisions, the kinetic and potential energies changed dramitically while in other collsions, they did not.
}
Also answer these questions:
3. Does the Total Energy change during the simulation? Why or why not? (Note the Heat Bath is off!)
{No, becuase energy is conserved in this CLOSED system and when kinetic energy rises, potential energy decreases the same magnitude.
}
4. Does the Kinetic Energy of the charged (Ck) particles Change? When does it increase and when does it decrease?
{Yes, the kinetic energy increases when the two oppositely charged ions are approaching each other and it decreases when the two ions are drifting away from each other.
}
5. Does the Electrical Potential Energy (= Interaction energy) change? When does it increase and when does it decrease?
{Yes, the electrical potential energy increases when the ions are traveling away from each other, and it decreases when the ions are traveling towards each other.
}
6. To create the possibility to dissipate energy, add some (about 10) neutral #3 (Ws) molecules in between the ions to allow for collisions. At the start they will have zero kinetic energy but as a result of collisions this will change. What happens to the KE of the neutral particles
{The kinetic energy of the neutral particles increases after colliding with the ions.
}
7. At end of the simulation with the other neutral particles present where are the ions? Is there EPE high or low?
{The oppositely charged ions become "stuck" to each other with the neutral particles present with their electrical potential energy lower.
}
8. Where did the EPE the ions possessed because of their positions at the beginning of the simulation "go" at the end of the simulation?
{Some of the electrical potential energy is transfered to kinetic energy within the ions, and some of this kinetic energy is transfered to the neutral particles therefore decreasing the ions total energy.
}
9. Now apply what you learned -- what ideas does this give you about designing a device to store energy using ions? You can add barriers, more ions, etc. to try to store as much EPE as possible. Describe your reasoning below. When you are done with your design, save and upload to the website.
{I believe you can keep the ions seperating by placing the system into a magnetic field and when you want to extract the energy, turn the field off.
}
When you are done uploading, send me an email with the link to your file so I can read and give you credit for your work (50 quiz points).
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