UTF-8Atoms in MotionEnter your name: _______________________ and store the file as "your last name_Molecules in Motion Model 1"
In this simulation you will create a model to observe the properties of particles (atoms, molecules, ions) through their behavior. You will construct a set of simple simulations in which you can investigate the effect of specific variables one at a time (for example: mass, size of particles, electrical charges if any, intermolecular attraction, temperature, and gravity)
Background
The real particles in nature are constantly moving: jiggling and bouncing, turning and twisting around one another. Some particles "stuck together": they attract each other, however they do not squeeze through each other. If you try to squeeze two of them too close together, they will repel. When the temperature increases (heat increases) the jiggling motion increases (Kinetic-Molecular Theory).
1. Describe your understanding of the Atomic Theory of matter.
{Your Answer:
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2. Give the examples of atoms and their characteristics (atomic mass, atomic size, ions formed and possible charges, bond length)
{Your Answer:
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3. Create your first model. (Please follow the following instructions carefully)
a) Add a basic simulator container:
Insert ----- Model Container ------ Basic 2D simulator
b) Make all tools available to the Model Container:
Tools ---- Add All Tools
c) Add a #4 atom. Select the Pointer tool and then double click the atom to change its properties
d) Adjust the mass to 100, click change, reduce the intermolecular attractions, e(eV) to 0.1 (hard-sphere model). Press "enter" to save the settings
e) Add more particles (about 20)
f) Save the Project after each change so you don't lose your work! Use the Save icon on the MW Toolbar
g) Run the simulation (to start click on the right arrow on the container)
4. Describe the behavior of the particles (notice the temperature on the termometer). (You can also set the temperature using the Heat Bath: Options ---- Toolbox ------ Heat Bath). Set the temperature at 300K (about room temperature, click Apply first and enter the temperature)
{Your observations:
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5. Increase the temperature using the thermometer (pointer at the red arrow) til the molecules move vigorously.
Set the temperature at 8000K . Describe your observations.
{Your observations:
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6. Lower the temperature using the thermometer - any tendency to form droplets?
{Your observations:
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7. Create the second, identical simulation container (to change the size of a container: go to Edit --- Change Model size). Make everything the same except give the particles an attractive force (for example 0.5 eV). (To count number of particles: go to Additional Tools, select "count objects in the selected area", select with pointer)
8. Run both simulations: you can change the variables one at a time and observe the behavior of atoms. Desribe your observations: also give the parameters you have set for each simulation.
{Your observations:
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9. The particles behave like they are in space. You can add a gravitational field so the droplets fall to the "ground". To add gravitational field go to Edit --- External Field --- Gravitational field. Record your observations.
{ Your observations:
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10. As part of this activity you can also explore the effect of electrical charges (ions) on the behavior of atoms. To introduce the charges go to additional tools, select + or - and click on the atom. Run the simulations, observe the temperature.
{Your observations:
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11. Design your own simulation: state what relationship you are investigating, provide directions for someone else to run your simulations, and describe the results you have obtained
{Description of your simulation:
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