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Introduction
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<font color="white" size="5"><strong>Plasmas:</strong> Introduction</font>
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<b>What <i>on earth</i> is plasma?</b>
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Considering <b>greater than 99% of the visible mass in the universe
is plasma</b>, perhaps a better question is <i>What in the universe
is plasma?</i> Plasma comprises the primary component of stars.
Solar wind is a plasma. Here on Earth, both fluorescent and neon
lighting sources utilize plasma technology, and in the future,
plasma will likely play a vital role if nuclear fusion becomes a
viable alternative energy source. What do the plasmas in each of
these examples have in common? For that matter, what do all plasmas
have in common? Since plasmas have been called the <b>fourth state
of matter</b>, we'll answer that question by considering how plasmas
compare to the three states you are more familiar with: solid,
liquid, and gas.
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<img width="230" height="160" src="light.png">
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<font size="1">Compact fluorescent light bulbs (on left in photo)
have</font>
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<font size="1">become popular in recent years and are replacing </font>
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<font size="1">incandescent light bulbs (on right) in many homes.</font>
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<font color="#5c7b67" size="5"><b>Defining plasma</b></font>
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Using the model container to the right, your challenge is to find
four distinct ways in which the particles organize themselves.
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<b>1.</b> Click <input name="Execute MW script" script="script:mw:1:run" value="Run" type="submit">
to get started.
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<b>2.</b> Adjust the temperature slider below to see if you can
find and identify four states of matter: <i>solid, liquid, gas,</i>
and <i>plasma</i>.
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<p>
<b>3.</b> Each time you think you’ve found a unique state, click <input name="Execute MW script" script="script:mw:1:snapshot" value="Take a snapshot" type="submit">.
In the box below the snapshot, label the state of matter and
describe any features that distinquish that state from the others.
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<strong>Click Open and drag the snapshot you believe is a <i>solid</i>
into the box?</strong>
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<strong>Click Open and drag the snapshot you believe is a <i>liquid</i>
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<strong>Click Open and drag the snapshot you believe is a <i>gas</i> into
the box?</strong>
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<strong>Click Open and drag the snapshot you believe is a <i>plasma</i>
into the box?</strong>
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<strong>Which of the following best describes <i>plasma</i>?</strong>
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<html>freely moving positive ions mixed with freely moving electrons
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<strong>From what you've observed and learned thus far, explain what you
believe are the similarities and differences between gases and plasmas.</strong>
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