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Spectroscopy: Excitation
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<strong><font size="5" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" color="#FFFFFF">Spectroscopy:</font></strong><font size="5" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" color="#FFFFFF">
Excitation</font>
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<font size="4" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">To get
atoms to emit photons, energy is needed to excite atoms first.</font>
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On the previous page, you excited the atoms by dragging an electron to a
higher energy level in the energy level diagram. The selected atom then
emitted a photon. In reality, excitation occurs when energy is added into
the system. On this page, you will excite atoms by heating them up.
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<strong><font size="5" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" color="#5d6b86">Atoms
can be excited by heating them</font></strong>
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The model below has 10 identical atoms in it. When you run it notice the
little red "thermometer" in the upper right corner. This measures the
temperature of the atoms. If you click on the red arrow you will heat them
up; the blue arrow cools them down.
<p>
Heat up the model. When you get enough energy into the system the atoms
will begin to use some of that energy to go into excited states, and
when they do that they will start to radiate photons.<b> Pay attention
to the circles on the energy level diagram as the model runs. </b>
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<b>Challenge</b><br><br><b>1.</b> Observe the energy level diagram to the
right of the model as the photons are emitted.<br>
<center>
<input name="button" value="Hint" script="script:page:0:message <t><font face=Verdana>It may be helpful to stop the model and run the movie frame by frame<br>backwards and forwards to study particular emission events.</font></t>" alt="tooltip" type="submit">
</center>
<p>
<b>2.</b> Reset the model. <b>Do not heat up the model.</b> Adjust the
energy levels by clicking and dragging the level up or down. Can you get
it to emit a photon without heating up?
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Green atoms energy levels
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<strong>Heat the model until several atoms are excited. Then let it run.
Describe what happens to the atoms.</strong>
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They cool down until they no longer have enough energy to reach the lowest excited state. After that they no longer emit photons so thay don't lose energy. The Photons remove them from the system.
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<strong>Reset the model, and do not heat up the model. What is different
about the cold gas when compared to the hot gas?</strong>
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You need to lower an energy level until it is about -3.80. Then there is enough energy in the system to allow the atoms to reach the lowest excited state.
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