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Lipids and Carbohydrates: Introduction
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What to do: Take a look at the Lipid Families Pop Up Chart. and then answer the question below.
Substance #1 in water Substance #2 in water
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<strong>Lipids and Carbohydrates:</strong> Introducing Lipids
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<p class="mainidea">
Lipids are the macromolecules that do not dissolve in water.
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<p class="firstp">
In a honeycomb (see the image on the right) honey is held in small
compartments made of beeswax. Wax makes a good divider for
compartments of honey, because the honey does not mix with the
wax. Wax, a lipid, is not water-soluble, but honey, a
carbohydrate, dissolves in water easily.
</p>
<p>
A honeycomb is just one example of how lipids - including oils,
fats, and waxes - do not mix with water. This simple fact is the
basis for how living cells remain separate from each other.
</p>
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<img src="honey_comb.jpg">
<br>
<font size="2">A honey comb is made of wax, a lipid. The honey
itself is a carbohydrate.</font>
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Which lipids have been recently in the news?
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<p class="subhead">
Why don't lipids mix with water?
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<p class="firstp">
Water molecules are polar and attract one another by forming
hydrogen bonds. [Chemlink: Water-Water attractions]. <b>In order
for a substance to dissolve in water, it must also be polar, so
that it can attract water molecules as much as they attract each
other.</b> When the molecules of the substance move apart from
each other and surround themselves with water molecules, they are
said to dissolve. Dissolving does not mean that each molecule
itself breaks apart - covalent bonds are not broken when a
substance dissolves.
</p>
<p>
<b>The models below contain three molecules of a different kind of
substance in water. They behave differently - which one dissolves? </b>
</p>
<p>
<b>What to do:</b> Use the models below to explore whether the
molecules are good at attracting water - do they surround
themselves with water and move apart from each other? Run both
models at the same time for at least one minute to make sure you
give both an equal chance to dissolve.
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<img src="Hex_ice_lightBlue.gif">
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In the space below, place a snapshot of the molecules that are NOT
dissolved and use the annotation tools to explain your decision.
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The molecules that ARE dissolved
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are good at attracting water molecules
do not attract water very well
remain grouped together instead of moving apart
move apart by breaking covalent bonds
become surrounded by water
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<img height="26" width="54" src="page.jpg">
<a href="index.cml"><font><img height="26" width="46" src="index.jpg" border="0">
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