Raw egg "whites" are made of water and protein. The raw egg white is clear because the folded proteins are dissolved in the water, and they do not reflect light.

When they are heated, however, the proteins unfold (like the protein in the model on this activity page). Unfolded proteins expose their many hydrophobic side chains.


Instead of forming the hydrophobic core of a single protein, they form a larger core of many unfolded proteins, a large solid mass. The molecules join together tightly and reflect the light that formerly passed through, so the cooked egg white becomes solid and truly white.