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Bio MCI: Page 3
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<strong>Biology MCI: </strong>Page 3
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18. Which amino acids affect the primary function of a protein once it
has finished folding?<br><br>The amino acids
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<html>all over the protein surface</html>
<html>that form the core of the protein</html>
<html>in the active site of the protein surface</html>
<html>opposite each other on the protein surface</html>
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19. When a protein and another molecule have matching surfaces, they can
form a strong attraction.<br><br>This is because the matching surfaces
allow
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<html>covalent bonds between the two molecules.</html>
<html>small areas of opposite charge to come close enough to attract each other and polar areas shielding interaction with water.</html>
<html>small areas of similar charge to come close enough to attract each other and non-polar areas shielding interaction with water.</html>
<html>small areas of opposite charge to come close enough to attract each other and non-polar areas shielding interaction with water.</html>
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<strong>Use the model on the right to answer question 20 below.<br><br>The
surface of the protein has been colored to display the charges on
the atoms just below the surface.<br><br>Below is the key to how
the surface color relates to atom charges.</strong>
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  <span class="firstp"><img src="surfaceCharge.gif"></span>
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20. The model above shows a protein. The binding site is indicated by
the yellow circle.<br><br>What can you predict about the ligand (small
partner molecule) that will be associated with the binding site?<br><br>The
ligand will
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<html>be non-polar, with a charge on its surface.</html>
<html>have an area of negative charge on its surface.</html>
<html>have an area of positive charge on its surface.</html>
<html>be polar, with both negative and positive charge on its surface.</html>
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21. Some diseases occur because of misfolded proteins.<br><br>This is
because misfolded proteins
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<html>cause mutations in the DNA.</html>
<html>do not have the right shape to do their functions in the cell.</html>
<html>unravel the DNA so that all functions of the cell are disrupted.</html>
<html>are destroyed in the lysosome so that there are not enough proteins to carry out cellular functions.</html>
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22. Many drugs work by attaching to proteins in our bodies via weak
attractive forces.<br><br>What are the most important factors in
designing one of these drugs?
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<html>the size of the drug molecule and its electronegativity</html>
<html>the shape of the drug molecule and the charges on its surface</html>
<html>the solvent in which a drug is synthesized and its solubility in the protein</html>
<html>the formation of covalent bonds between the drug and its target and the solubility of the protein</html>
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23. A drop of blue dye is added to a container of clear water. After
several hours, all of the liquid in the container is light blue.<br><br>At
this time, the molecules of dye
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<html>have stopped moving.</html>
<html>continue to move randomly.</html>
<html>have gone out of equilibrium.</html>
<html>have slowed down as they spread out.</html>
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24. During the process of diffusion, molecules move from higher to lower
concentration because
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<html>molecules move to areas where it is less crowded.</html>
<html>the molecules repel each other until they are evenly spread out.</html>
<html>molecules move until the concentrations are equal and then they stop moving.</html>
<html>random movements push molecules from crowded areas to less crowded areas.</html>
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