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Protein Partnering & Function: Response to Adrenaline
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<strong>Protein Partnering & Function:</strong> Response to
Adrenaline
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How does a receptor protein receive a signal?
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<b>When you are startled by an unexpected event, you feel a surge of
energy traveling through your body - a "shot of adrenaline".</b>
Adrenaline is a small molecule secreted under stress, and it travels
rapidly through the bloodstream until if finds a protein to partner
with.
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In response to adrenaline, your heart rate increases,
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pumping more oxygen-carrying blood to your muscles. In addition,
adrenaline causes sugar to be released into your bloodstream,
fueling your muscles and brain and causing digestion and other
normal functions to stop, so you can focus all your energy on a
potential threat or crisis.
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<p>
Adrenaline partners with the <b>adrenlaine receptor</b>, many of which
are embedded in the membranes of cells that respond to adrenaline. As
adrenaline travels through your body's bloodstream, it bounces off many
different molecules. Finally it is recognized by the binding site on the
adrenaline receptor. It fits perfectly there because of its shape and
its surface charge.
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Show how the receptor sits in the cell membrane<br>
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View the adrenaline binding site (<a href="script:page:0:message adrenalineAnalog.html">What's
in there?</a>)<br>
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Do you think adrenaline is a charged molecule? How can you tell? Use
evidence from the model above in your answer.
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The surface of adrenaline's binding site is blue, indicating that it is negatively charged. Therefore adrenaline must be positively charged, or it would not be attracted to the site.
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Why is it important that adrenaline fits closely inside its binding site?
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A close fit allows for intermolecular interactions to form so that adrenaline can be held securely by its receptor.
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