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Light Me Up Page 3
saltonly.mml, saltandwater.mml
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org.concord.modeler.text.LineIcon750.025025255<html>
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<strong><font size="7" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" color="#FFFFFF">LIGHT
ME UP!</font></strong>
<p>
<font size="7" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" color="#FFFFFF">What
is an electrolyte? </font>
</p>
<p>
<font size="7" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" color="#FFFFFF">Page
3</font>
</p>
</center>
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<tr>
<td>
<img height="26" width="14" src="topNavBarLeftMargin.jpg">
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<strong><font size="6" face="Verdana">Bonding Review</font></strong>
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<html>
<head>
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<body marginwidth="5" marginheight="5">
Which of the following describes an ionic bond?
</body>
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true
A metal gains electrons, a nonmetal loses electrons
A metal loses electrons, a nonmetal gains electrons
Electonrs are shared equally between nonmetals
Electrons are shared unequally between nonmetals
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<head>
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<body marginwidth="5" marginheight="5">
Which of the following describes a nonpolar covalent bond?
</body>
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true
A metal gains electrons, a nonmetal loses electrons
A metal loses electrons, a nonmetal gains electrons
Electrons are shared equally between nonmetals
Electrons are shared unequally between nonmetals
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<html>
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What type of bond occurs to form a water molecule?
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true
ionic
metallic
nonpolar covalent
polar covalent
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How are water molecules depicted in the model below?
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Click on the "Show Charges" button. Which of the following is a correct
statement.
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The positively charged atoms are oxygens, the negatively charged atoms are hydrogens
The positively charged atoms are hydrogens, the negatively charged atoms are oxygens
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<html>
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<body marginwidth="5" marginheight="5">
Because electrons are shared unequally in the water molecule, weak
attractions occur between adjacent water molecules. These attractions are
know as hydrogen bonds. Click on "Show Hydrogen Bonds". Which of the
following would be true of hydrogen bonds?
</body>
</html>
true
They occur between the - charged H of one water and the + charged O of another water
They occur between the - charged O of one water and the + charged H of another water
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<p style="margin-top: 0">
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<center>
<font face="Verdana" size="6">DEFINITION: Electrolytes are solutes that
conduct electricity when dissolved to produce an aqueous solution.
Electrolytes conduct electricity due to the movement of positive and
negative ions which, in turn, produces a changing electric field.</font>
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From your experimental results , what type of solutes are electrolytes?
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-282012
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<font face="Verdana" size="6">Given an electrolyte "AB" dissolving in
water, the preparation of this solution may be depicted as follows: </font>
</center>
</body>
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Run the model first. You should see that the salt crystal does not change
shape. Then use the following button to add water to the salt crystal:<br><br><input type="submit" alt="Add water molecules" value="Add water" script="script:mw2d:1:load saltandwater.mml;run;" name="button name"><br><br>Use
the following button to return to the starting salt crystal:<br><br><input alt="Salt crystal" type="submit" value="Salt crystal" script="script:mw2d:1:load saltonly.mml;run;" name="button name"><br><br>Purple
atoms = A<sup>+</sup>; green atoms = B<sup>-</sup>
</body>
</html>
-282012
Lowered Etched
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Explain why the electrolyte may be expressed as AB.
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-282012
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Why do A<sup>+</sup> and B<sup>-</sup> carry charges? (Include why these
ions carry those specific charges.)
</center>
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-282012
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If AB is NaCl, which spheres represent sodium ions and which represent
chloride ions? How did you determine this?
</center>
</body>
</html>
-282012
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Which of the following types of bonds holds a salt crystal together?
</body>
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ionic
polar covalent
nonpolar covalent
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Based on the model, describe how the water molecules align themselves in
relation to the ions and explain why this occurs.
</center>
</body>
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-282012
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By using what you saw in the model, give a detailed description of what
happens when an ionic substance "dissolves"?
</center>
</body>
</html>
-282012
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From the information from this page and the explanation given above,
explain why ionic compounds are electrolytes in solution.
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<font face="Verdana" size="6">Our body fluids are solutions of
electrolytes and many other things. The combination of blood and the
circulatory system is the "river of life" because it coordinates all
life functions. The primary electrolytes required in the body fluid are
cations of calcium, potassium, sodium and magnesium. Necessary anions
include chloride, carbonate, phosphate, and iodide. Electrolyte balance
is crucial to many body functions. There are extreme examples of what
can happen with an imbalance of electrolytes: elevated potassium levels
may result in an irregular heart rate; decreased extracellular potassium
produces paralysis; excessive extracellular sodium causes fluid
retention and decreased calcium and magnesium can produce muscle spasms. </font>
<p>
<font face="Verdana" size="6">-Chung Chieh, Professor of Chemistry,
University of Waterloo</font>
</p>
</center>
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false