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Activity Title: Page 1
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Click on this link to "Fusion Animation"
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Click on this link to view "How Elements are Formed"
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<strong>The Periodic Table:An Overview of the Elements </strong>
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<p class="subhead">
What elements are most abundant...
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</table>
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...in the universe?
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<font size="5">Hydrogen, which is composed of a single proton and
a single electron, is the simplest and most abundant element in
the universe.It makes up about 3/4 of all matter! Helium makes up
most of the remaining 25%. Oxygen is the third most abundant
element in the universe. All of the other elements are relatively
rare. </font><font size="2">http://chemistry.about.com/cs/howthingswork/f/blabundant.htm</font>
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Why is hydrogen considered the simplest element?
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How do you think hydrogen's structure contributes to its abundance in the
universe?
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List the three most abundant elements in the universe in order.
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Which of the following describes the fusion of hydrogen in the sun?
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<html><sup>3</sup>H and <sup>1</sup>H fuse to form <sup>4</sup>He and a neutron</html>
<html><sup>4</sup>He and a neutron fuse to form <sup>3</sup>H and <sup>1</sup>H</html> form <sup>4</sup>He and a neutron</html>
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<font size="5">Hydrogen is the raw fuel that most stars 'burn' to
produce energy by combining light elements into heavier elements
in a process known as fusion. It is generally believed that most
of the elements in the universe heavier than helium are created in
stars when lighter nuclei fuse to make heavier nuclei at very high
temperature, around 5 million degrees. Elements with more protons
in their nuclei require still higher temperatures. Most of the
heavy elements, from oxygen up through iron, are thought to be
produced in stars that contain at least ten times as much matter
as our Sun. </font><font size="2">http://helios.gsfc.nasa.gov/nucleo.html</font>
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...on Earth?
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<font size="5">The composition of the earth's crust is very different
from that of the universe as a whole. </font>
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What are the three most abundant elements in the earth's crust?
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How does the abundance of H in the earth's crust compare to the abundance
in the universe?
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<img src="quartz267x164.jpg">
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<font size="5">The most abundant elements, Si and O, combine to form
silicates which are estimated to make up about 95% of the Earth's crust.
These include the feldspars, orthoclase feldspar (KAlSi<sub face="Verdana">3</sub>O<sub>8</sub>)
and plagioclase feldspar ((Ca,Na)AlSi<sub>3</sub>O<sub>8</sub>), in
addition to quartz which has a chemical formula of SiO<sub>2</sub>. The
composition of the mantle and core differ from the crust. </font>
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...in the human body?
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<font size="5">You are what you eat. But do you recall munching
some molybdenum or snacking on selenium? A normal diet consists of
thousands of compounds (some containing trace elements).Some 60
chemical elements are found in the body, but what all of them are
doing there is still unknown. Roughly 96 percent of the mass of
the human body is made up of just four elements: oxygen, carbon,
hydrogen and nitrogen, with a lot of that in the form of water.
The remaining 4 percent is a sparse sampling of the periodic table
of elements. These elements perform various functions, including
the building of bones and cell structures, regulating the body's
pH, carrying charge, and driving chemical reactions. The FDA has
set a reference daily intake for 12 minerals, and there are
several other elements that may play a biological role but are not
classified as essential. Sometimes all that is known is that lab
animals performed poorly when their diets lacked a particular
non-essential element. However, identifying the exact benefit of
an element can be difficult as they rarely enter the body in a
pure form. "We don't look at them as single elements but as
elements wrapped up in a compound," said Christine Gerbstadt,
national spokesperson for the American Dietetic Association. </font><font size="2">http://www.livescience.com/health/090416-cl-human-body.html</font>
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<p align="center" class="firstp">
<strong>You have reached the end of Part 1.<br><a href="script:page:0:message endPartOne.html">CLICK
HERE BEFORE REPORTING.</a></strong>
</p>
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