UTF-8Activity Title: Page 6240233207111org.concord.modeler.text.LineIcon750.03010105<html>
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<strong>The Periodic Table:An Overview of the Elements </strong>
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The Chemistry of the Electronics Industry
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What is a semiconductor?
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Metalloids, shown in purple on the periodic table, exhibit
characteristics of both metals and nonmetals. Silicon, for
example, possesses a metallic luster, yet it is an inefficient
conductor and is brittle. The reactivity of the metalloids depends
on the element with which they are reacting. For example, boron
acts as a nonmetal when reacting with sodium yet as a metal when
reacting with fluorine. The boiling points, melting points, and
densities of the metalloids vary widely. The intermediate
conductivity of metalloids means they tend to make good
semiconductors.
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Question about properties...
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Some materials, such as silicon crystals, do not conduct electricity
well at very low temperature--the electrons are tightly bound to atoms
and behave like those in insulators. But when temperature increases,
some electrons become loose and can "hop" from one atom to another
leaving a vacancy in the bond known as a "hole" that other electrons can
fill. This allows for the movement of electrons which results in an
electric current.<br><br>This simulation shows how electrons move in a
silicon crystal at different temperatures. The gray shapes show the
sharing of electrons between silicon atoms. The dashed circles show the
electron positions in the bonds. When they are not occupied by an
electron, they represent a hole.<br><br>Instructions: 1) Click the "Run"
button and observe what happens. 2) Pull the "Temperature" slider to
increase the temperature in small increments and observe the movement of
electrons and the ammeter at each step.
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falseLineorg.concord.mw2d.activity.AtomContainerpage6$0.mml1org.concord.modeler.PageButtonRunRunfalseorg.concord.mw2d.models.MolecularModel0Execute MW scriptorg.concord.modeler.PageButtonStopStopfalseorg.concord.mw2d.models.MolecularModel0Execute MW scriptorg.concord.modeler.PageButtonResetResetfalseorg.concord.mw2d.models.MolecularModel0Execute MW scriptorg.concord.modeler.PageSliderorg.concord.mw2d.models.MolecularModel0300.00.05000.050Temperature20060falsetrueTemperature1org.concord.modeler.PageTextArea400150<html>
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At low temperature, would you say the silicon crystal conducts
electricity? Explain.
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What happens to the electrons as the temperature increases and how does
this affect the electrical conductivity?
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Summarize how atomic structure affects electrical conductivity between
conductors, insulators and semiconductors.
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In your own words, explain under what conditions a semiconductor may
become an electical conductor and how this occurs in terms of the
electrons.
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<strong>You have reached the end of Part 1.<br><a href="script:page:0:message endPartOne.html">CLICK
HERE BEFORE REPORTING.</a></strong>
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