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Semiconductor Strand Assessment: Page 2
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<strong><font color="white" size="5">Semiconductor Strand Assessment:</font></strong><font color="white" size="5">
Page 2</font>
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<strong>10. Explain why electrons travel in a different direction than
electron holes in a semiconductor. </strong>
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Holes are created by the movement of electrons in a particular direction, and as the next electron moves into that vacancy the hole moves back yet another place. So, as electrons march in one direction the holes march in the exact opposite direction.
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<strong>11. The element tin (symbol: Sn) has an electron configuration
suggesting four electrons in its outermost shell. What type of
semiconductor would this element be suited for manufacturing? </strong>
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<html>N-Type.</html>
<html>P-type.</html>
<html>Both N-type and P-type can be made with this element.</html>
<html>Sn would not be well suited for doping silicon semiconductors. </html>
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<img src="Germanium_semiconducto.PNG">
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<strong>12. What type of silicon semiconductor is being depicted in the
above image? </strong>
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<html>N-type</html>
<html>P-type</html>
<html>An intrinsic semiconductor</html>
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<img src="Germanium_semiconducto.PNG">
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<strong>13. What would happen to the current in the above semiconductor if
the orange atoms were replaced with germanium (symbol: Ge) - an element
with 4 valence electrons?</strong>
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<html>Increase</html>
<html>Decrease</html>
<html>Stay the same</html>
<html>Impossible to predict without further information</html>
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<img src="p_type_hole.PNG">
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<strong>14. In which direction would the holes in the above semiconductor
travel? Note that an electric field is applied in the vertical direction.</strong>
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<html>Up</html>
<html>Right</html>
<html>Down</html>
<html>Left</html>
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<strong>15. Explain how the depletion region in a P-N junction controls
the flow of electrons in the absence of a bias. </strong>
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The electrons that flow into the p-type material are attracted to the holes and held in place. These electrons repel other electrons and thus block the flow of electrons from the n-type material. Applying a forward or reverse bias voltage can decrease or increase the thickness of the depletion region, and thus control the current.
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<strong>16. Explain how the depletion region in a P-N junction is
different when there is a forward and a reverse bias. </strong>
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The electrons that flow into the p-type material are attracted to the holes and held in place. These electrons repel other electrons and thus block the flow of electrons from the n-type material. Applying a forward or reverse bias voltage can decrease or increase the thickness of the depletion region, and thus control the current.
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<strong>17. Electrons in a semiconductor are traveling through which
bands? </strong>
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<html>The lowest energy valence bands available</html>
<html>The highest energy valence bands available</html>
<html>The lowest energy conduction bands available</html>
<html>The highest energy conduction bands available</html>
<html>Both B and C
<html>Both A and D
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<strong>18. Which of the following best explains the increase in current
that accompanies temperature increases in an intrinsic semiconductor? </strong>
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<html>Electrons acquire sufficient energy to move into the higher valence bands.</html>
<html>Electrons acquire sufficient energy to move into the conduction bands.</html>
<html>Electrons acquire sufficient energy to overcome the depletion region.</html>
<html>At a critical temperature the Pauli Exclusion Principle no longer applies and electrons are free to travel outside of covalent bonds.</html>
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<strong>19. Which of the following best explains why N-type dopants
increase conductivity? </strong>
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<html>N-type dopants decrease the size of the gap between the valence and conduction bands.</html>
<html>N-type dopants don’t have to follow the Pauli Exclusion Principle.</html>
<html>The electrons from N-type dopants are already at a higher energy level and can thus make the jump into the conduction band more easily.</html>
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