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Harvesting Light for Photosynthesis: Meeting Chlorophyll
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<strong>Harvesting Light for Photosynthesis:</strong> Meeting Chlorophyll
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<p class="mainidea">
What molecules in a leaf absorb and pass along the energy of
photons?
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Finding what molecules absorb light
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Scientists in the 1940s set out to discover which molecules in leaves
allow a plant to capture light energy. They crushed leaves, isolated the
different molecules, and beamed a light through each of them. Then they
compared their results to shining light through the whole leaf. In the
model below you will try the same thing. You will send light through
different molecules known to be present in a plant cell to determine which
one is able to absorb visible light. You will also see what kind of light
these molecules absorb.
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Suppose we have separated a leaf into three substances, each of which is
known to be composed of one type of molecule. Let's call them Molecule A,
B, and C. Our task is to figure out which molecule is responsible for
absorbing light.<br><br><b>What to do:</b> 1) Run the model and observe
light absorption. 2) Select the "Molecule A", "Molecule B," and "Molecule
C" radio buttons, respectively, and observe light absorption for each
substance.
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Based on your observation of the above model, which molecule is
responsible for absorbing light in the leaf?
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Click the "Whole Leaf" button and describe three different ways in which
photons interact with the leaves.
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Scientists found out that one of the molecules was responsible for
absorbing light. This molecule, a pigment, was named <b>chlorophyll</b>.
Let's explore its 3D structure and watch how photons interact with
chlorophyll in further details.
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3D structure of the chlorophyll molecule
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The molecular structure of chlorophyll is shown below. At one end it has a
"light-catching basket," a special web-like network of bonds that allows
the absorption of photons. When the energy of a photon is absorbed by
chlorophyll, an electron is released from it and transferred to other
molecules.
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<font size="3"><b>PART 1: Views of chlorophyll: </b></font>
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<font size="3">Hydrocarbon tail</font>
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<font size="3">Ball and stick </font>
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<font size="3"> </font>
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<font size="3"><b>PART 2:</b> When photons of light at particular
energy levels reach chlorophyll's head, the electrons can absorb the
energy. Chlorophyll can emit the energy as an electron. <b>Click the
button to see a red photon hit chlorophyll</b>.<br><br></font>
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In the cell, chlorophyll binds to other molecules in a large complex.
Based on the structure of chlorophyll's tail, with which of the
following would chlorophyll associate? (Check all that apply).
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Heme is a functional group similar to chlorophyll's head, but it has
iron in place of magnesium. Heme is what makes blood look red. What
colors of light does iron help heme absorb? Explain your answer. (<a href="script:page:0:message heme-hint.html">Hint</a>)
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The answer can contain any colors except red; students should understand that red is NOT absorbed by heme.
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