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Activity Title: Page 1
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The forces within an atomic nucleus act in opposition:
http://www.ric.edu/faculty/ptiskus/Atomic_Force/
VS
http://hadron.physics.fsu.edu/~crede/forces.html http://fhm.fhsd.k12.mo.us/jhughes/Hughes/Units/EnergyNuclear.htm
http://www.scienceprogress.org/2007/12/isotope-shortage-threatens-health-of-patients-nationwide/ http://www.ionactive.co.uk/glossary/Gamma_Rays.html
This process continues until a stable nucleus, one that is no longer radioactive, is formed.
http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1908/rutherford-bio.html
The most common types of decay are:
alpha beta gamma
http://www.123rf.com
We will start with...
Refer to the model provided and a periodic table to answer the following:
http://library.thinkquest.org/3471/radiation_types_body.html
http://school.discoveryeducation.com/clipart/clip/stopsign4c.html
http://www.hpwt.de/Kern2e.htm http://www.hk-phy.org/energy/power/nuclear_phy02_e.html
http://www.antonine-education.co.uk/New_items/Gateway/p4_radiation_for_life.htm
http://www.cna.ca/curriculum/cna_radiation/alpha_decay-eng.asp?bc=Alpha%20Decay&pid=Alpha%20Decay
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<strong>Nuclear Chemistry: Day 1 </strong>
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<img src="chargeMainIdea.png" height="58" width="98">
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<p class="subhead">
An Introduction to Radioactive Decay
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Types of Decay
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<strong><font size="5">The attractive strong nuclear force
between protons and neutrons </font></strong>
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<img src="strong force.jpg">
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<strong><font size="5">The repulsive electromagnetic force
between protons </font></strong>
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<img src="proton comic.gif">
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<img src="radioactive.jpg">
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<strong><font size="4">The ratio of neutrons to protons and the
overall size of the nucleus determine the stability of an atom;
these factors influence the tug-of-war between the forces acting
on the nucleus. </font></strong>
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<br>
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<strong><font size="4">An atom is radioactive when the nucleus
is unstable; radioactive decay is the release of matter and
energy from the unstable nucleus of one atom transforming it
into the nucleus of a different atom . </font></strong>
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<td>
<img src="radioactive decay Co.jpg">
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<strong><font size="5">Three common types of decay may occur to
produce a stable nucleus. Ernest Rutherford is credited with
naming the types of decay using the first three letters of the
Greek alphabet in the order in which the types of decay were
discovered. </font></strong>
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Alpha Decay
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Describe what is to the left of the green arrow.
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Describe what is to the right of the green arrow.
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What does the number attached to the element symbol represent?
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In the notation Am-241, 241 does not match the value reported on the
periodic table. Why?
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What part of the atom is represented by the larger spheres comprised of
the smaller red and blue spheres?
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How many smaller subatomic particles, red and blue spheres combined,
make up an alpha particle?
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If the red spheres are protons, what do the blue spheres represent? How
many of each subatomic particle are present in an alpha particle?
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An alpha particle is also referred to as a helium nucleus. Explain why
this is acceptable from an atomic perspective.
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What does the notation "Am-241" tell you? How many protons and neutrons
does this atom contain?
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What does the notation "Np-237" tell you? How many protons and neutrons
does this atom contain?
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What happened to the atomic number of the atom represented on the left
side, Am-241, to the atomic number of Np-237? Explain why in terms of
subatomic particles and the release of an alpha particle.
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What happened to the atomic masses of the atoms from the right side to
the left side? Explain why in terms of subatomic particles.
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<center>
The diagram at the top of this page represents the nuclear decay of
Am-241 to Np-237 by emitting an alpha particle. In your own words,
describe what happens to any atom after it undergoes this type of decay.
Be specific about the region of the atom involved, the characteristics
of the particle released and the characteristics of the remaining
nucleus. (Include protons, neutrons, atomic number and atomic mass.)
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<font size="5">Verify your previous answer with the instructor
before moving on to the next section. </font>
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<strong><font size="5">Predict the elements that would be formed
through the decay of examples A-D: (In the following order, give
the chemical symbol, atomic number, atomic mass, # of protons and
# of neutrons for each example.)</font></strong>
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<font size="6">A.</font>
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<img src="alpha Pu.jpg">
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<font size="6">B.</font>
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<img src="alpha radium.jpg">
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<font size="6">C.</font>
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<img src="alpha Po equation.jpg">
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<font size="6">D.</font>
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Example A
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Example B
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Example C
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Example D
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</p>
<center>
<font size="5">Check the previous four answers with the instructor
before moving on to the next section. </font>
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</td>
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<img width="54" src="page.jpg" height="26">
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