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Intermolecular Attractions: Hydrogen "Bonds" - A Special Type of Attraction
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<font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" color="#FFFFFF" size="5"><strong>Intermolecular
Attractions:</strong> Hydrogen "Bonds"</font>
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<font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4">Biologists
often talk about "hydrogen bonds" and their role in biologically
active molecules. It is important to realize that a "hydrogen bond"
is really just another polar attraction between molecules. It is not
a covalent bond. Often hydrogen is one of the atoms that gets
partially charged, so it is common to call the attraction of
hydrogen on one molecule for the negative part of another molecule a
hydrogen bond.</font>
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<img width="265" src="dipoleHbond.gif" height="351">
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<img width="365" src="water_surface2Comp.png" height="201">
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<font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4">Water,
one of the most important molecules for life's existence, is a polar
molecule. So, water molecules attract to each other using the
dipole-dipole intermolecular attraction. Whenever the partially
positive hydrogen from one molecule is attracted to the partially
negative part of another molecule, we use the term "hydrogen bond"
to designate this somewhat stronger type of dipole-dipole
attraction. </font>
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<font size="4" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">To the
right is a model of gaseous water (<em>i.e.</em> water vapor). To
see the effect the hydrogen bonds have on water, run the model ( <img width="7" src="play.gif" height="12">
) and experiment with the controls below. Then <strong>take a
snapshot of the model and annotate your image so that you indicate
where you see at least one hydrogen bond</strong> in the model. </font>
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<input value="Heat" type="submit" script="script:mw:1:select atom all; heat 0.2; select atom none;" name="Submit">
  <input value="Cool" type="submit" script="script:mw:1:select atom all; heat -0.2; select atom none;" name="Submit2">
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<input value="checkbox" type="checkbox" script_selected="script:mw:1:show vdwline on" checked="checked" script_deselected="script:mw:1:show vdwline off" name="checkbox">
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show hydrogen bonds
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<input value="checkbox" type="checkbox" script_selected="script:mw:1:show charge on" script_deselected="script:mw:1:show charge off" name="checkbox2">
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show partial charges
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slow motion
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Snapshot with annotations indicating hydrogen bonds:
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<font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4"><strong>While not
possible, imagine that water molecules had no attraction for each other at
all. Would you most likely find water as a solid, liquid, or gas? Explain
your reasoning.</strong></font>
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