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Intermolecular Attractions: Introduction
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<font color="#FFFFFF" size="5" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>Intermolecular
Attractions:</strong> Introduction</font>
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<font size="4" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">All
molecules attract to each other using forces called "intermolecular
attractions". These attractions are responsible for:</font>
<ul>
<li>
<font size="4" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">The
temperatures at which many substances boil.</font>
</li>
<li>
<font size="4" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">The
ability of your immune system to recognize and disable pathogens
instead of attacking your own cells and organs.</font>
</li>
<li>
<font size="4" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">The
amazing climbing ability of Geckos.</font>
</li>
</ul>
<font size="4" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">In this
activity you will explore how molecular level attractions are the
foundation of these phenomena and many other everyday experiences. </font>
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<img src="chargeBullet.png" width="33" height="23">
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<font color="#a65d2c" size="5" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>Types
of Bonds and Polarity</strong></font>
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<img src="rule.png" width="18" height="6">
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<font size="4" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Two
atoms can bond to form a molecule in two ways:</font>
<ul>
<li>
<font size="4" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">with
a non-polar covalent bond (when electrons are shared evenly) </font>
</li>
<li>
<font size="4" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">with
a polar covalent bond (when there is an uneven sharing of the
electrons, causing the formation of a partial positive and
partial negative charge on the surface of the molecule.) </font>
</li>
</ul>
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<a href="http://chemsite.lsrhs.net/FlashMedia/html/dipoleVsLondon.html"><font><img border="2" src="activateDipoles.gif" width="165" height="141">
</font></a>
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<div style="margin-left: 8px">
<font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4">All
molecules have an attraction for other molecules via the
Coulomb force, the attractive force between positive and
negative charges. So, how do non-polar molecules form
attractions if there is no apparent surface charge? Click
the image to the left to see a more detailed explanation.</font>
</div>
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<img src="moleculeRepComp.png" width="300" height="304">
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<body marginheight="5" bgcolor="rgb(230, 230, 230)" marginwidth="5">
<font size="4" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>What is the
difference between polar and non-polar molecules? (Be sure to include more
than the colors used to represent them in your response!) </strong></font>
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<img src="chargeBullet.png" width="33" height="23">
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<font color="#a65d2c" size="5" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>Seeing
Intermolecular Attractions</strong></font>
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<td colspan="2">
<img src="rule.png" width="18" height="6">
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<font size="4" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">All
molecules attract to each other, but there are different patterns
and strengths of attraction that occur. To the left is a bunch of
polar and non-polar molecules.</font>
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<td>
<img src="vdwPointerComp.png" height="100" width="102">
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<font size="4" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>Explore
how different or similar molecules form intermolecular attractions
when they are close together. Then take a snapshot of the model, and
use the annotation tools (<img src="textAnnotation.gif" height="15" width="16"><img src="drawRect.gif" width="16" height="12"><img src="arrow.gif" width="15" height="14">)
to show where you see the attractions.</strong></font>
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Image showing intermolecular attractions:
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<font size="4" face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><strong>Which of the
following formed intermolecular attractions (check all that apply):</strong></font>
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+ ends of polar molecules to + ends of other polar molecules
+ ends of polar molecules to - ends of other polar molecules
- ends of polar molecules to - ends of other polar molecules
non-polar molecules to other non-polar molecules
non-polar molecules to + parts of polar molecules
non-polar molecules to - parts of polar molecules
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