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Atomic Structure: Electrons around the nucleus - old and new models.
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<strong><font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="5" color="#FFFFFF">Atomic
Structure:</font></strong><font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="5" color="#FFFFFF">
Electrons around the nucleus - old and new models.</font>
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<img height="58" width="98" src="atomMainIdea.png">
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<font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4">What is
the correct model of an atom? The one you have learned about in the
past is commonly not the right one.</font>
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<strong><font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" color="#5d6b86" size="5">Old
vs. New Atomic Models</font></strong>
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<p>
<font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4">For many of
you the model of the atom you have been previously taught was the Bohr
Model (see right).This model describes a nucleus made</font> <font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4">from
</font><strong><font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" color="#CC0000" size="4">positive
protons</font></strong><font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4">
and <img height="14" width="132" src="neutralNeutrons.png">, while </font><strong><font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4" color="#0066FF">negative
electrons</font></strong><font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4">
orbit the nucleus like planets orbit the sun.</font>
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<p align="center">
<a href="script:textbox:4:load noBohr.html"><font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4">The
Bohr model is incorrect.</font></a><font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4">
</font>
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<p>
<font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4">Work
stemming from Erwin Schrodinger in 1925 paved the way for our modern
understanding of the atom. The nucleus is the same as in the Bohr model,
but the electrons behave very differently. </font>
</p>
<p>
<font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4">Instead of
saying that electrons orbit at a particular distance from the nucleus,
the best we can do is describe where you would likely find the electron
if you were to look. <strong>The region of space where you are likely to
find an electron around the nucleus is called an orbital.</strong> That
region of likely electron location is indicated by the intensity of the
blue color seen in the Orbital Model (bottom right). We will go into
more depth about this later. </font>
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<img height="354" hspace="10" width="169" src="bohrVsOrbitalFlat.png">
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<strong><font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" color="#5d6b86" size="5">Predicting
Random Events</font></strong>
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<font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4">Schrodinger's
famous equations described the likelihood that you would find an electron
in any particular location around the nucleus. To better understand this
let's consider an analogous situation. Imagine walking up to a well used
dart board. Each place where a dart landed there will be a small hole. The
pattern would probably look something like what you see on the left. Use
the checkbox below to highlight the blue dots, showing the pattern of
where darts hit the board.</font><br><br>
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<input script_selected="script:textbox:6:load dartBoardPattern.html" script_deselected="script:textbox:6:load dartBoard.html" value="checkbox" name="checkbox" type="checkbox">
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<font face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="3"><strong>highlight
where darts hit the board </strong></font>
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<strong><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4">Now imagine
that some random person walks up and throws one dart at the board. Based
on the pattern of holes you've seen from previous players, where will this
dart most likely land:</font></strong> <a href="script:page:0:message darts.html"><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4">hint</font></a>
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There is no way to tell.
Close to the center of the board.
Out toward the edge of the board.
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<strong><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4">Explain the
reasoning behind your prediction:</font></strong>
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