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The Chemistry of Organic Molecules
Understanding chemical polarity is important in understanding intermolecular interactions.
Some molecules are polar and some are non-polar. Molecular polarity depends on
- the difference in electronegativity between atoms in a compound and
- the asymmetry of the compound's structure.
The model below show how polarity can be explained using the model of electron clouds.
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<br>
The model to the right shows a diatomic molecule initially consisting of
two identical atoms. Two sliders are provided below for changing the atoms
to ones that have different electronegativities.
<p>
<b>Instructions:</b>
</p>
<ol>
<li>
Click the "Run" button and observe the movement of the electron clouds.
</li>
<li>
Adjust the sliders so that the atoms' electronegativities are
different and observe what happens. Repeat this for a number of
different settings.
</li>
</ol>
<p>
Note: <b>Be sure to let the model run for a few seconds and do not move
the nuclei in this model.</b>
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<i>Take a snapshot showing a diatomic molecule with more negative charge
in the right part.<br>Indicate <b>'delta +' </b>and<b> 'delta -'</b> on
the corresponding atoms.</i>
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<i>In the above model, what type of bond is formed when the difference of
electronegativity between the two atoms is greater than 1?</i>
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<html>A non-polar covalent bond.
<html>A polar covalent bond.
<html>An ionic bond.
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