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Electrons in Atoms and Molecules: Chemical Bonding
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<font color="white" size="5"><strong>Electrons in Atoms and Molecules:</strong>
Chemical Bonding</font>
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What happens when two atoms come together?
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When two atoms approach each other, the shapes of the electron clouds
start to deform, causing shifts of their centers off the positions of the
nuclei. When two atoms become close enough, they may bind together in a
strong relationship. This relationship is known as the <b>covalent bond</b>--a
cornerstone of chemistry.
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<font color="#5c7b67" size="5"><b>The formation of a covalent bond</b></font>
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The model to the right shows two atoms that are initially apart by a
distance of 0.1 nm.
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<b>Instructions:</b>
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1. Click the "Run" button and observe the change of the electron clouds.<br><br>2.
Drag the "Interatomic distance" slider to make their distance shorter. <b>Be
sure to let the model run for a few seconds between each move</b>.<br><br>3.
Observe carefully how the electron clouds move. Note the distance at
which the electron clouds start to merge.
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<strong>Which of the following is closest to the maximum distance between
the two nuclei for a covalent bond to form?</strong>
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<html>0.04 nm.
<html>0.06 nm.
<html>0.08 nm.
<html>0.1 nm.
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<strong>Considering the charges of the electrons in the cloud and the
nuclei, why do two atoms that have formed a covalent bond stay bound
together?</strong>
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