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Electrons in Atoms and Molecules: Summary
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<font size="5" color="white"><strong>Electrons in Atoms and Molecules:</strong>
Summary</font>
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In this activity, you learned that the science of electrons is very
important in chemistry. Both the formation of an atom and a molecule
(through covalent bonding) can be attributed to the movement of
electron clouds. The polarity of a molecule is in effect an uneven
distribution of electron cloud among atoms. An uneven distribution
can also be caused by applying an electric field. When the field is
very strong, electrons can be ionized and become free.<br><br>Please
answer the following questions to complete this activity.
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<strong>In the model to the left, which atom has higher electronegativity?</strong>
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<html>The left atom.
<html>The right atom.
<html>They have the same electronegativity.
<html>Cannot tell.
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<strong>Which of the following is true of a polar molecule containing only
two atoms?</strong>
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<html>The two atoms may be the same or different.
<html>Both atoms must be different.
<html>Both atoms must be the same.
<html>Any of these are acceptable in the formation of covalent bonds.
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<strong>Explain how a molecule containing several polar bonds can be
classified as nonpolar.</strong>
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A good answer should mention something about symmetry and how the individual polar bonds are cancelled in the overall dipole (or polarity) of the molecule.
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<strong>Carbon dioxide (CO<sub><font size="2">2</font></sub>: O=C=O) is a
molecule whose three atoms are aligned linearly. Recall the experiment you
did with the triatomic molecule on Page 4. Which of the following is
responsible for the non-polarity of carbon dioxide?</strong>
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<html>The carbon atom and the oxygen atoms share the same amount of electrons.
<html>Oxygen gets all the electrons and leaves nothing to carbon.
<html>Carbon does not give electrons, so there is no sharing of electrons.
<html>The molecule is symmetric.
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<strong>A positron is a sub-atomic particle that is identical to an
electron, in all properties except for its charge. A positron carries a +1
charge while an electron carries a -1 charge. Why don't atoms have
positron clouds?</strong>
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<strong>You have reached the end of this activity.<br>Please submit a
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